American Kenpo

American Kenpo Crest Patch (image source)

Ed Parker's American Kenpo is a style of martial arts characterized by the use of quick moves in rapid-fire succession intended to overwhelm an opponent. It is largely marketed as a self-defense style, and is derived from traditional Southern Chinese kung fu and other martial arts found in the cultural melting pot of Hawaii. Parker introduced significant modifications in his art, including its theories and its terminology, throughout his life. He left behind a large number of instructors who teach many different versions of American Kenpo.

Kenpo Creed

I come to you with only "KARATE" - empty hands. I have no weapons, but should I be forced to defend myself, my principles or my honor; should it be a matter of life or death, of right or wrong; then here are my weapons - "KARATE" - my empty hands.

- Ed Parker, 1957

Origins of American Kenpo

Parker also heavily restructured American Kenpo's forms and techniques during this period. In many cases, he moved away from methods that were recognizably descended from another art (such as forms that were familiar within Hung Gar) and established a more definitive relationship between forms and the technique curriculum.

Ed Parker continued to grow. He experimented with the use of film and video as a training tool, leaving records of his work. In the final 4 years of his life Ed Parker Sr. put down the final version of his art, American Kenpo.

Various demonstrations by American	Kenpo founder Ed Parker

Evolution of American Kenpo

Although there were varying degrees of crossover from one evolving method to another, there were at least three clear and distinct philosophies or styles created by Ed Parker Sr.

Kenpo Karate

Ed Parker initially called his art Kenpo Karate. He opened a Kenpo Karate school in Pasadena around 1954 and published a book of the same name in 1961. This has been characterized as having a very Japanese influence, including the use of linear, "focused" techniques and jujutsu-style locks, holds, and throws.

Chinese Kenpo

When Ed Parker embraced the Chinese Arts he began to refer to his art as Chinese Kenpo. Based on this influence he wrote Secrets of Chinese Karate, published in 1963, only very shortly after Kenpo Karate. The technical syllabus has recognizable similarities to Hung Gar, Choy Li Fut, and other Southern Chinese Martial Arts, including two forms, Tiger-Crane and Panther (or "Book Set"), and one training practice ("Star Block") that can be traced back to Hung Gar.

American Kenpo

Parker began codifiying his early understandings of Chinese Kenpo into a distinct and evolving personal interpretation of the art. Here he dropped all Asian language elements and many traditions in favor of American English. During this period, he de-emphasized techniques and principles organized in the same manner as in Chinese and Japanese arts in favor of his own curriculum of forms and techniques.

Parker took his art through continual changes. Parker always suggested that once a student learns the lesson embodied in the "ideal phase" of the technique he should search for some aspect that can be tailored to his own personal needs and strengths. Furthermore, Parker's students learned a different curriculum depending on when they studied with him. Some students preferred older material to newer material, wanted to maintain older material that Parker intended to replace, or wanted to supplement the kenpo they learned from a particular period with other martial arts training.

Well-known students of Ed Parker include Jeff Speakman and Elvis Presley.

Belt Rankings

Within American Kenpo, there exists a basic belt system consisting of White, Yellow, Orange, Purple, Blue, Green, Brown (3 levels), and Black. Different organizations have different belt systems.

The black belt ranks are designated by half-inch red 'stripes' up to 4th degree, then a 5 inch 'strip' is for 5th. Thereafter, additional half-inch stripes are added up to 9th degree. For 10th degree, two 5 inch 'strips' separated by a half-inch space are used.

Segment from Kenpo Senior Grandmaster Ed Parker's video on basics.	Vintage Ed Parker Comercial

Article source: Wikipedia.org - American Kenpo. All text is available under the terms of the GNU free documentation license.